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Lose heart

  • 1 αθυμητέα

    ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: neut nom /voc /acc pl
    ἀθυμητέᾱ, ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: fem nom /voc /acc dual
    ἀθυμητέᾱ, ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)
    ἀθῡμητέα, ἀθυμητέος
    neut nom /voc /acc pl

    Morphologia Graeca > αθυμητέα

  • 2 ἀθυμητέα

    ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: neut nom /voc /acc pl
    ἀθυμητέᾱ, ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: fem nom /voc /acc dual
    ἀθυμητέᾱ, ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)
    ἀθῡμητέα, ἀθυμητέος
    neut nom /voc /acc pl

    Morphologia Graeca > ἀθυμητέα

  • 3 αθυμητέον

    ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: masc acc sg
    ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: neut nom /voc /acc sg
    ἀθῡμητέον, ἀθυμητέος
    masc /fem acc sg
    ἀθῡμητέον, ἀθυμητέος
    neut nom /voc /acc sg

    Morphologia Graeca > αθυμητέον

  • 4 ἀθυμητέον

    ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: masc acc sg
    ἀθυμητέον
    one must lose heart: neut nom /voc /acc sg
    ἀθῡμητέον, ἀθυμητέος
    masc /fem acc sg
    ἀθῡμητέον, ἀθυμητέος
    neut nom /voc /acc sg

    Morphologia Graeca > ἀθυμητέον

  • 5 ἐγκακέω

    ἐγκακέω 1 aor. ἐνεκάκησα (ἐν + κακός; Polyb. 4, 19, 10; BGU 1043, 3; Sym., Gen 27:46; Num 21:5; Is 7:16; Pr 3:11 Theod.)
    ① to lose one’s motivation in continuing a desirable pattern of conduct or activity, lose enthusiasm, be discouraged w. ptc. foll. (B-D-F §414, 2) 2 Th 3:13 (ἐκκ-v.l.); w. ptc. preceding Gal 6:9 (ἐκκ-v. l.—both of these passages play on the opposition of τὸ καλόν and τὸ κακόν in Gr.-Rom. thought respecting civic responsibility); οὐκ ἐγκακοῦμεν we do not lose our enthusiasm, lose heart for ‘this service’ 2 Cor 4:1 (in contrast to falling into deceptive behavior patterns, vs. 2); 16. αἰτοῦμαι μὴ ἐγκακεῖν ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσιν I ask you not to be disappointed in connection with my tribulations Eph 3:13. On these three last s. 2. Abs. give up Lk 18:1.
    ② to be afraid in the face of a great difficulty, be afraid, of women in childbirth 2 Cl 2:2. (In all NT pass. t.r. has ἐκκακέω, q.v.) Some would put 2 Cor 4:1, 16; Eph. 3:13 here.—M-M. s.v. ἐν-. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐγκακέω

  • 6 ἀπολείπω

    ἀπο-λείπω, [tense] aor. ἀπέλῐπον ( ἀπέλειψα late, Them.Or.25.310d, Ps.-Phoc.77):—
    A leave over or behind,

    οὐδ' ἀπέλειπεν ἔγκατα Od.9.292

    , cf. Heraclit.56, etc.;

    κλέος καὶ φήμην Critias 44

     D.; bequeath, Test. Epict.2.3, cf. Mosch.3.97; ἀ. κληρονόμον leave as one's heir, POxy. 105.3 (ii A.D.); bequeath to posterity, of writings, D.L.8.58, cf. 7.54.
    2 leave hold of, lose,

    ψυχάν Pi.P.3.101

     (tm.);

    βίον S.Ph.

     (lyr., tm.);

    νέαν ἁμέραν ἀπολιπὼν θάνοι E. Ion 720

     (lyr.): conversely,

    ἐμὲ μὲν ἀπολέλοιπεν ἤδη βίοτος S.El. 185

     (lyr.). 3. leave behind in the race, distance: generally, surpass, X.Cyr.8.3.25, Lys.2.4;

    τινὰ περί τι Isoc.4.50

    :—more freq. in [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., v. infr. 4. leave undisputed: hence, admit, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.173, Phld.Piet.17, S.E.M.7.55, D.L.7.54;

    αἰτίαν νόσων ἀ. τὸ αἷμα MenoIatr.11.43

    ; [

    ὁ Διοκλῆς] τὴν φρόνησιν περὶ τὴν καρδίαν ἀ. Herod.

     [voice] Med. in Rh.Mus.49.540.5. leave, allow,

    ὑπερβολὴν οὐδὲ ταῖς ἑταίραις Jul.Or.7.210d

    .
    II desert, abandon, one's post, etc., οὐδ' ἀπολείπουσιν κοῖλον δόμον, of bees, Il.12.169, cf. Hdt.8.41, al.; ἀ. (sc. τὴν πολιορκίην) Id.7.170; τὴν ξυμμαχίαν, τὴν ξυνωμοσίαν, Th.3.9,64; of persons,

    καί σ' ἀπολείψω σου λειπόμενος E.El. 1310

    ; ξεῖνον πατρώϊον ἀ. leave him in the lurch, Thgn.521;

    ἀπολιπὼν οἴχεται Hdt.3.48

    , cf. 5.103, Ar.Ra. 83; of a wife, desert her husband, And.4.14, D.30.4 (not of the husband, Luc.Sol.9); of sailors, desert,

    τὴν ναῦν D.50.14.2

    . c. inf., ἀ. τούτους κακῶς γηράσκειν leave them to grow old, X.Oec. 1.22.3. leave undone or unsaid,

    ὅσα ἀπέλιπε κτείνων τε καὶ διώκων.. σφέα ἀπετέλεσε Hdt.5.92

    .

    ή; ὕβρεως οὐδ' ὁτιοῦν ἀ. D.54.4

    , cf. Pl.R. 420a; omit, συχνὰ ἀπολείπω ib. 509c.
    III leave open, leave a space,

    ἀ. μεταίχμιον οὐ μέγα Hdt.6.77

    ;

    ἀ. ὡς πλέθρον X.An. 6.5.11

    ; μικρὸν ἀ. leaving a small interval, Hero Aut.27.1.
    IV intr., cease, fail,

    τάων οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται οὐδ' ἀπολείπει Od.7.117

    ; opp. γίνεται, Diog.Apoll.7; of rivers, fall, sink, Hdt.2.14,93;

    ἀ. τὸ ῥέεθρον Id.2.19

    ;

    τῆς θαλάττης τὰ μὲν ἀπολειπούσης, τὰ δ' ἐπιούσης Arist.Mete. 353a22

    ; of swallows,

    δι' ἔτεος ἐόντες οὐκ ἀπολείπουσι Hdt.2.22

    ; of youth, begin to decay, X.Smp.8.14; fail, flag, lose heart, Id.Cyr.4.2.3; of the moon, wane, Arist.APo.0.98a33.
    2 c. gen., to be wanting of or in a thing,

    προθυμίας οὐδὲν ἀ. Th.8.22

    , cf. Pl.R. 533a: freq. of numbers,

    μηδὲν ἀ. τῶν πέντε κτλ. Id.Lg. 828b

    ;

    τῶν εἴκοσιν ὀλίγον ἀ. Arist.HA 573b16

    , etc.; ἀπὸ τεσσέρων πηχέων ἀ. τρεῖς δακτύλους wanting three fingers of four cubits, Hdt.1.60, cf. 7.117;

    μήτ' ἄρ' ὑπερβάλλων βοὸς ὁπλὴν μήτ' ἀπολείπων Hes.Op. 489

    : c. inf., ὀλίγον ἀπέλιπον ἐς Ἀθήνας ἀπικέσθαι wanted but little of coming, Hdt.7.9.

    ά; βραχὺ ἀ. διακόσιαι γενέσθαι Th.7.70

    ;

    οὐδὲν δ' ἀπολείπετε οὕτω πολεμεῖν D.4.40

    ;

    ἡ πόλις μικρὸν ἀπέλιπεν ἔρημος εἶναι Plu. Tim.

     I.
    3 c. part., leave off doing,

    ἀ. λέγων X.Oec.6.1

    : abs., ὅθεν ἀπέλιπες from the point at which.., Pl.Grg. 497c, cf. Phd. 78b, Is.5.12.
    B [voice] Med. ([tense] aor. ἀπελιπόμην in A.R.1.399 (tm.)), like [voice] Act.1.1, bequeath to posterity, Hdt.2.134 codd.; cf. ἀπολείψεται· ἐάσεται, Hsch.
    C [voice] Pass., to be left behind, stay behind, Th.7.75 (v. l. for ὑπο-) X. Cyr.1.4.20;

    μόνος ἀπολελειμμένος Antipho 1.3

    ; to be unable to follow an argument, be at a loss, Pl.Tht. 192d.
    2 to be distanced by, inferior to,

    ἀ. [ἀπὸ] τῶν ἄλλων θηρίων Diocl.Fr.145

    ; to be inferior,

    ἔν τισι Isoc.12.61

    .
    II to be absent or distant from, c. gen.,

    πολὺ τῆς ἀληθηΐης ἀπολελειμμένοι Hdt.2.106

    , cf. Pl.R. 475d;

    ἥβας E.HF 440

     (lyr.): c. gen. pers., X.Mem.4.2.40, Pl.Smp. 192d: abs., E.Or. 80, Pl.Phdr. 240c; to be deprived of,

    τοῦ σοῦ.. μὴ ἀπολείπεσθαι τάφου S.El. 1169

    ;

    πατρῴας μὴ ἀ. χθονός E.Med.35

    ;

    τῶν πρὶν ἀπολειφθεὶς φρενῶν Id.Or. 216

    .
    2 to be wanting in, fall short of,

    ὅτι τοῦ σκώπτειν ἀπελείφθη Ar.Eq. 525

    ; τοῖς ἀπολειφθεῖσι (sc.

    τῆς παιδείας D.18.128

    , cf. Isoc.12.209; ἀπολειφθεὶς ἠμῶν without our cognizance, D.19.36;

    ἀπολειφθῆναι τῶν πραγμάτων

     to be left in ignorance of..,

    Id.27.2

    ; καιροῦ ἀ. miss the opportunity, Id.34.38, cf. Isoc.3.19; θεάματος, ἑορτῆς ἀ., Luc.DMar.15.1, Sacr.1;

    εἰσβολῆς Isoc.14.31

    .
    3 remain to be done, Plb.3.39.12: impers., ἀπολείπεται λέγειν, διδάσκειν, D.L.7.85, S.E.M.7.1.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπολείπω

  • 7 ἐκλύω

    ἐκλύω 1 aor. ἐξέλυσα LXX; pf. ptc. ἐκλελυκότα 2 Macc 12:18. Pass.: 1 fut. ἐκλυθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐξελύθην; pf. ἐκλέλυμαι LXX (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX; TestSol 18:5 P, ἔγκλυσον for ἔγκλεισον; TestJob 30:1; TestZeb 2:4 v.l.; JosAs 10:16 cod. A and Pal. 364 for ἀπεβάλετο). In lit. freq. in the sense ‘loose from someth., set free’, also ‘relax’. In our lit. only in the pass. w. act. sense: be exhausted in strength, become weary, give out (Hippocr., X. et al.; Epict. 2, 19, 20; Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, I, 2 Jac.; Vett. Val. 18, 23; 126, 28; LXX; Philo, Virt. 88; Jos., Ant. 5, 134; 13, 233): fr. hunger (Diod S 19, 49, 2; PTebt 798, 7 [II B.C.] 2 Km 16:2; 17:29; La 2:19; 1 Macc 3:17) Mt 15:32; Mk 8:3. Of the waist be ungirded D 16:1. θερίσομεν μὴ ἐκλυόμενοι we will reap if we do not give out Gal 6:9; lose courage (Dt 20:3; 1 Macc 9:8) μηδὲ ἐκλύου do not lose heart Hb 12:5 (Pr 3:11); fully ἐ. ταῖς ψυχαῖς (Polyb. 20, 4, 7; 29, 17, 4; cp. Diod S 20, 1, 4) vs. 3.—M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκλύω

  • 8 καταθυμέω

    A to be cast down, lose heart, X.HG3.2.7.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταθυμέω

  • 9 ἀθυμητέον

    A one must lose heart, X.An.3.2.23;

    οὐκ ἀ. τοῖς παροῦσι πράγμασιν D.4.2

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀθυμητέον

  • 10 ἀναπίπτω

    ἀναπίπτω, poet. [pref] ἀμπ-,
    A fall back, A.Ag. 1599, E.Cyc. 410; lay oneself back, like rowers, Cratin.345, X.Oec.8.8;

    ἀ. ὑπτία Pl.Phdr. 254b

    , cf. e; of riders,

    ὑπτίους ἀναπεπτωκότας ἐλαύνειν X.Eq.Mag.3.14

    .
    2 metaph., fall back, give ground, Th.1.70; flag, lose heart, D.19.224; ταῖς σπουδαῖς (vulg. σπονδ-)

    ἀναπεπτωκέναι D.H.5.53

    .
    b [tense] pf. part. ἀναπεπτωκώς lifeless, of style,

    σχῆμα ἀ. Aristid.Rh.2p.518S.

    , al.
    3 of a plan, to be given up,

    ἀνεπεπτώκει τὰ τῆς ἐξόδου D.21.163

    .
    4 ἀ. ἀπ' οἴκων to be banished from one's house, Poet. ap. Athenagoras pro Christo 22.
    5 recline at meals, like ἀνάκειμαι, Alex.293, Com.Adesp.638, PPar.51.4, Ev.Marc.6.40, Luc.Asin.23.
    b take to one's bed in sickness, PMag.Leid.V.11.1.
    6 recoil, of the arms of torsion-engines, Hero Bel.100.2.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναπίπτω

  • 11 ἀπολέγω

    A pick out from a number, and so: 1. pick out, choose,

    τὸ ἄριστον Hdt.5.110

    , cf. 3.14, Ar.V. 580, Aen.Tact.1.5, 3.2:—freq. in [voice] Med., pick out for oneself, τριήκοντα μυριάδας τοῦ στρατοῦ from the army, Hdt.8.101;

    ἐκ πάντων Th.4.9

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    ἀπολελεγμένοι

     picked men,

    Hdt.7.40

    ;

    ἀπειλεγμένοι X.Eq.Mag.8.12.2

    . pick out for the purpose of rejecting,

    τριβόλους Ar.Lys. 576

    ;

    ἀ. τινὰ ἐκ τῶν δικαστῶν Plu.Cat.Mi.48

    .
    II later, decline, refuse,

    ἀ. τὸ χορηλεῖν Plb.2.63.1

    ;

    ἀ. περί τινος Id.4.9.3

    :—[voice] Med., decline something offered to one,

    ἀρχήν Id.Fr.16

    ; ἱκεσίαν, δέησιν, Plu.Sol.12, Cat.Mi.2; renounce, give up, τὰ πρωτεῖα, τὴν νίκην, τὸν βίον, Id.Luc.42, Nic.6, 2.1060d;

    τὴν ψυχήν LXX Jn.4.8

    : abs. (sc. τὸ ζῆν), Ph.1.274; also, give in, make no resistance, Plu.Lyc.22, Pomp.23:—so in [voice] Act., lose heart, as [tense] pres. of

    ἀπεῖπον, τῇ ταλαιπωρίᾳ Procop.Vand.2.19

    ;

    ταῖς δυνάμεσι Herod.Med.

     ap. Orib.10.5.9.
    III speak of fully, Ael.NA 8.17 ([voice] Pass.), cf. ἀπολέγει· παραγγέλλει, and ἀπολέζω· ἐρῶ, δηλώσω, Hsch.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀπολέγω

  • 12 ἐκκακέω

    A to be faint-hearted, lose heart, grow weary, v.l. for ἐγκ-, Ev.Luc.18.1, 2 Ep.Cor.4.1,16,al., cf. Vett. Val.201.15, Gloss.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκκακέω

  • 13 ἐκκακέω

    ἐκκακέω 1 aor. ἐξεκάκησα (ἐκ + κακός; Vett. Val. 201, 15; Herm. Wr., Fgm. XXIII 46 [484, 3 Sc.]; Hesych.; Sym. Jer 18:12; TestJob 24:10; Philo, Conf. Lingu. 51 codd.) lose heart (w. διψυχέω.—Astrampsychus p. 31 Dec. 61, 3) Hm 9:8. V.l. for ἐγκακέω q.v.: Lk 18:1; 2 Cor 4:1, 16; Gal 6:9; Eph 3:13; 2 Th 3:13.—M-M. s.v. ἐνκακέω.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐκκακέω

  • 14 θυμός

    A soul, spirit, as the principle of life, feeling and thought, esp. of strong feeling and passion (rightly derived from θύω (B) by Pl.Cra. 419e ἀπὸ τῆς θύσεως καὶ ζέσεως τῆς ψυχῆς):
    I in physical sense, breath, life, θ. ἀπηύρα, ἀφελέσθαι, ἐξαίνυσθαι, ὀλέσαι, freq. in Hom., Il.6.17, 5.852, 155, 1.205: c. dupl. acc.,

    ἄμφω θ. ἀπηύρα 6.17

    ;

    ἐπεί κε.. ῥεθέων ἐκ θ. ἕληται 22.68

    ; λίπε δ' ὀστέα θ. 12.386; ἀπὸ δ' ἔπτατο θ. Od.10.163;

    ὀλίγος δ' ἔτι θ. ἐνῆεν Il.1.593

    ;

    μόγις δ' ἐσαγείρετο θυμόν 21.417

    ;

    ἄψορρόν οἱ θ. ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀγέρθη 4.152

    ;

    θυμοῦ καὶ ψυχῆς κεκαδών 11.334

    ; of animals, 3.294, 12.150, etc.: less freq. in Trag., A. Ag. 1388, E.Ba. 620 (troch.).
    2 spirit, strength,

    τείρετο δ' ἀνδρῶν θ. ὑπ' εἰρεσίης Od.10.78

    ;

    ἐν δέ τε θ. τείρεθ' ὁμοῦ καμάτῳ τε καὶ ἱδρῷ Il.17.744

    .
    3 πάτασσε δὲ θ. ἑκάστου each man's heart beat high, 23.370, cf. 7.216.
    II soul, as shown by the feelings and passions; and so,
    1 desire or inclination, esp. desire for meat and drink, appetite,

    πιέειν ὅτε θ. ἀνώγοι Il.4.263

    ;

    πλησάμενος.. θυμὸν ἐδητύος ἠδὲ ποτῆτος Od.17.603

    : generally,

    τά με θ. ἐνὶ στήθεσσι κελεύει Il.7.68

    ; βαλέειν δέ ἑ ἵετο θ. 8.301;

    αἲ γάρ με μένος καὶ θ. ἀνείη 22.346

    ; θ. ἐποτρύνῃ [τινά] Od.9.139; θ. ἐπέσσυταί τινι, ἐφορμᾶται, Il.1.173, 13.73; ἤθελε θυμῷ he wished in his heart or with all his heart, 16.255, 21.65;

    ἵετο θυμῷ 2.589

    ; so later θυμῷ βουλόμενοι wishing with all their heart, Hdt. 5.49; [

    ὄσσα ϝ] οι θ. κε θέλῃ γένεσθαι Sapph.Supp.1.3

    ;

    θυμὸς ὥρμα Pi. O.3.25

    , cf. 38;

    θυμὸς ἡδονὴν φέρει S.El. 286

    ;

    ὧν ἐρᾷ θυμός Herod.7.61

    ;

    τῶν σφι θ. ἦν μάλιστα Hdt.1.1

    ;

    ἄλλως σφι θ. ἐγένετο θεήσασθαι τὸν πόλεμον Id.8.116

    , etc.: with Verb omitted,

    σὲ γάρ μοι θῦμος ὔμνην Alc. 5

    ; ἄρχ' αὐτὸς ὥς σοι θ. S.El. 1319; ὅπου ὑμῖν θ. X.Cyr.3.1.37;

    βῆξαι θυμός ἐγγίνεται Hp.Prog.8

    .
    2 mind, temper, will, θ. πρόφρων, ἵλαος, Il. 8.39, 9.639; θ. ὑπερφίαλος καὶ ἀπηνής, νηλέα θ. ἔχοντας, σιδήρεος θ., 15.94, 19.229, Od.5.191; ἕνα θ. ἔχειν to be of one mind, Il.15.710, etc.;

    οὐδὲ λύκοι τε καὶ ἄρνες ὁμόφρονα θ. ἔχουσιν 22.263

    ;

    ἕτερος δέ με θ. ἔρυκε Od.9.302

    ; ἐμὸν θ. ἔπειθεν ib.33;

    θωπείας κολακικάς, αἳ.. τοὺς θ. ποιοῦσιν κηρίνους Pl.Lg. 633d

    .
    3 spirit, courage, μένος καὶ θ. Il.20.174;

    θ. ἐνὶ στήθεσσι λαβεῖν Od.10.461

    ; πᾶσιν δὲ παραὶ ποσὶ κάππεσε θ. Il.15.280; ψῦχρος ἔγεντο θ., of doves, Sapph.16;

    θ. ἔχειν ἀγαθόν Hdt.1.120

    ;

    θ. οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν S.El.26

    ;

    ὁ θυμὸς εὐθὺς ἦν Ἀμυνίας Ar.Eq. 570

    ; ἴωμεν ῥώμῃ καὶ θυμῷ ἐπί .. X.Cyr.4.2.21;

    φρονήματός τε καὶ θυμοῦ ἐμπίπλασθαι Pl.R. 411c

    : so in Philos., opp. λόγος, ἐπιθυμία, ib. 440b, al., cf. Arist.Pol. 1328a7, 1327b24, Phld.Mus.p.26K., etc.; personified, Passion, Emotion, opp. Λογισμός, Cleanth.Stoic.1.129.
    4 the seat of anger,

    χωόμενον κατὰ θυμόν Il.1.429

    ;

    νεμεσιζέσθω ἐνὶ θυμῷ 17.254

    ;

    θυμὸν ἐχώσατο 16.616

    , etc.: hence, anger, wrath,

    δάμασον θυμόν 9.496

    ; εἴξας ᾧ θυμῷ ib. 598;

    θυμὸς μέγας ἐστὶ.. βασιλήων 2.196

    ;

    θ. ὀξύς S.OC 1193

    ;

    θ. κρείσσων τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων E.Med. 1079

    , etc.; θυμῷ f.l. for θυμοῦ in S.Ant. 718;

    οἱ τῷ θ. πραχθέντες φόνοι Pl.Lg. 867b

    ; opp. λογισμός, Th.2.11, etc.; ἐπανάγειν τὸν θ. Hdt.7.160;

    ἐκτείνειν And.3.31

    ;

    καταθέσθαι Ar.V. 567

    ;

    δακεῖν Id.Nu. 1369

    ;

    θυμῷ χρᾶσθαι Hdt.1.137

    , al.;

    ὀργῆς καὶ θυμοῦ μεστοί Isoc.12.81

     (so τὴν ὀργὴν καὶ τὸν θ., i.e. the outward manifestation of ὀ., Phld.Ir.p.90W.); of horses, X.Eq. 9.2: pl. (not earlier than Pl., f.l. in S.Aj. 718 (lyr.)), fits of anger, passions,

    περὶ φόβων τε καὶ θυμῶν Pl.Phlb. 40e

    ;

    οἵ τε θ. καὶ αἱ κολάσεις Id.Prt. 323e

    , cf. Arist.Rh. 1390a11.
    5 the heart, as the seat of the emotions, esp. joy or grief, χαῖρε, γήθησε δὲ θυμῷ, Il.14.156, 7.189;

    θ. ἐνὶ στήθεσσι γεγήθει 13.494

    ;

    μιν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θ. ἵκανεν 2.171

    ; ἄχνυτο θ. 14.39, etc.; δόκησε δ' ἄρα σφίσι θ. ὣς ἔμεν ὡς εἰ .. they felt as glad at heart as if.., Od.10.415; μηδ' ὀνίαισι δάμνα.. θ. Sapph.1.4; of fear,

    δέος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ Il.17.625

    , cf. 8.138; of love,

    τὴν ἐκ θυμοῦ φίλεον 9.343

    ;

    ἐκ θυμοῦ στέργοισα Theoc.17.130

    ; ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ my heart's beloved, Il.5.243; reversely, ἀπὸ θ. μᾶλλον ἐμοὶ ἔσεαι wilt be alien from my heart, 1.562; ἐκ θ. πεσέειν, i.e. to lose thy favour, 23.595;

    ἔρωτι θυμὸν ἐκπλαγεῖσα E.Med.8

    ;

    ἐκ θ. κλαῦσαι Philet. 11

    .
    6 mind, soul, as the seat of thought, ταῦθ' ὥρμαινε κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θ. Il.1.193, etc.; ᾔδεε γὰρ κατὰ θ. 2.409, cf. 4.163, etc.;

    φράζετο θυμῷ 16.646

    ;

    ἐν θ. ἐβάλοντο ἔπος 15.566

    ;

    τοὺς λόγους θυμῷ βάλε A.Pr. 706

    ;

    εἰς θ. βαλεῖν τι S.OT 975

    ; οὐκ ἐς θ. φέρω I bring him not into my mind or thoughts, Id.El. 1347.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > θυμός

  • 15 ἐξίστημι

    A causal in [tense] pres., [tense] impf., [tense] fut., [tense] aor. 1:— displace: hence, change, alter utterly,

    τὰν φύσιν Ti.Locr.100c

    , Arist.EN 1119a23, cf. Plot.6.2.7;

    τὴν πολιτείαν Plu.Cic.10

    ;

    ἐ. τῆς ποιότητος τὸν οἶνον Id.2.702a

    .
    2 metaph., ἐξιστάναι τινὰ φρενῶν drive one out of his senses, E.Ba. 850;

    νοῦ οἶνος ἐξέστησέ με E.Fr. 265

    ;

    τοῦ φρονεῖν X.Mem.1.3.12

    ;

    ταῦτα κινεῖ, ταῦτα ἐξίστησιν ἀνθρώπους αὑτῶν D. 21.72

    ; simply ἐ. τινά drive one out of his senses, confound, amaze, Hp.Coac. 429;

    ἐξιστάντα καὶ φοβοῦντα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους Muson.Fr.8p.35H.

    ;

    ἐξίστησι

     diverts the attention,

    Arist.Rh. 1408b23

    ; excite, ib. 36, Ev.Luc.24.22; τὸν λογισμόν, τὴν διάνοιαν, Plu.Sol.21, Crass.23; also

    ἐ. τινὰ τῶν λογισμῶν Id.Fab.5

    ;

    εἰς ἀπάθειαν ἐ. τὴν ψυχήν Id.Publ. 6

    .
    3 get rid of, dispose of the claims of a person, Sammelb.5246.14(i B.C.), etc.
    4 ἐξεστᾰκότα ( ἐξεστηκότα cod.): εἰς δίκην κεκληκότα, Hsch.
    B intr. in [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., with [tense] aor. 2, [tense] pf., and [tense] plpf. [voice] Act.:
    1 of Place, arise out of, become separated,

    ἐξ.. ἵστατο Νεῖκος Emp.36

    , cf. 35.10; stand aside from, ἐκστάντες τῆς ὁδοῦ out of the way, Hdt.3.76;

    ἐκ τοῦ μέσου X.An.1.5.14

    ; θάκων καὶ ὁδῶν ἐ. [τινί] stand out of the way forhim, make way for him, Id.Smp.4.31;

    ἐκστῆναί τινι S.Ph. 1053

    , Aj. 672, Ar.Ra. 354, etc.: abs., in same sense, E.IT 1229 (troch.), Ar. Ach. 617, etc.: metaph.,

    ἐξ ἕδρας σοι πλόκαμος ἐξέστηχ'

     is displaced, disordered,

    E.Ba. 928

    ;

    οὐδὲ μένει νοῦς.. ἀλλ' ἐξίσταται S.Ant. 564

    .
    3 go out of joint,

    ἐ. ἰσχίον Hp.Aph.6.59

    , cf. Fract.14,6.
    II c. gen. rei, retire from, give up possession of,

    τῆς ἀρχῆς Th.2.63

    , 4.28; ἐκστῆναι τῆς οὐσίας, ἁπάντων τῶν ὄντων, become bankrupt, Antipho 2.2.9, D.36.50;

    τῶν ὑπαρχόντων BGU473.11

     (ii A. D.).
    2 cease from, abandon, τῆς φιλίας, τῶν μαθημάτων, Lys.8.18, X.Cyr.3.3.54; τῶν

    σπουδασμάτων Pl.Phdr. 249c

    , etc.;

    οἱ τῶν πολιτικῶν ἐξεστηκότες Isoc. 4.171

    ;

    τῆς ὑποθέσεως D.10.46

    ; τῶν πεπραγμένων, i.e. disown them, Id.19.72;

    ἐ. τινὸς εἴς τι Pl.Lg. 907d

    ; also ἐ. ἄθλου τινί, στρατηγίας τινί, abandon it in his favour, Nic.Dam.73J., Plu.Nic.7;

    τῆς Σικελίας τινι Id.Pomp.10

    .
    3 ἐκστῆναι πατρός lose one's father, give him up, Ar.V. 477; καρδίας ἐξίσταμαι τὸ δρᾶν I depart from my heart's purpose, S.Ant. 1105; esp. φρενῶν ἐκστῆναι lose one's senses. E.Or. 1021, etc.;

    διὰ τὸ γῆρας τοῦ φρονεῖν Isoc.5.18

    ;

    ἐμαυτοῦ Aeschin.2.4

    , Men.Sam. 276;

    ψυχὴ ἐξεστηκυῖα τῶν λογισμῶν Plb.32.15.8

    : abs., to be out of one's wits, be distraught,

    ἐ. μελαγχολικῶς Hp.Prorrh.1.18

    , cf. Men.Sam.64, etc.;

    ἐξέστην ἰδών Philippid.27

    ;

    ἐ. ὑπὸ γήρως Com.Adesp.860

    ; ταῖς διανοίαις Vett. Val.70.25;

    ἐξίστασθαι καὶ μαίνεσθαι πρὸς τὴν ὀσμήν Arist.HA 577a12

    ; of anger,

    εὐθέως ἐξστησόμενος Phld. Ir.p.78

     W.; to be astonished, amazed, Ev.Matt.12.23, Ev.Marc.2.12, etc.; lose consciousness, of Sisera, LXXJd.4.21.
    4 ἐξίστασθαι τῆς αὑτοῦ ἰδέας depart from, degenerate from one's own nature, Pl.R. 380d;

    ἐκ τῆς αὑτοῦ φύσεως Arist.HA 488b19

    ; [

    δημοκρατία] ἐξεστηκυῖα τῆς βελτίστης τάξεως Id.Pol. 1309b32

    ; αἱ δημοκρατίαι ἐ. εἰς τὰς ἐναντίας πολιτείας degenerate into.., ib. 1306b18, cf. Rh. 1390b28: abs.,

    ἐ. μὴ μεταφυτευόμενον Thphr.HP6.7.6

    , etc., cf. Plu.2.649e;

    χυμὸς ἐξιστάμενος

     changing its properties, turning,

    Hp.VM24

    ; οἶνος ἐξεστηκώς or ἐξιστάμενος changed, sour wine, D.35.32, Thphr.CP6.7.5; πρόσωπα ἐξεστηκότα disfigured faces, X.Cyr.5.2.34.
    5 abs., change one's position, one's opinion,

    ἐγὼ μὲν ὁ αὐτός εἰμι καὶ οὐκ ἐξίσταμαι Th.2.61

    : opp. ἐμμένειν τῇ δόξῃ, Arist.EN 1151b4.
    6 of language, to be removed from common usage, Id.Rh. 1404b13.
    III stand out, project, ἐξεστηκός convex, opp. κοῖλον, Id.HA 493b4.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐξίστημι

  • 16 τηρέω

    τηρέω impf. ἐτήρουν, 3 pl. ἐτήρουν and ἐτήρουσαν AcPl Ha 8, 11 and 13; fut. τηρήσω; 1 aor. ἐτήρησα; pf. τετήρηκα, 3 pl. τετήρηκαν J 17:6 (B-D-F §83, 1; W-S. §13, 15; Mlt. 52f; Mlt-H. 221). Pass.: impf. ἐτηρούμην; 1 aor. ἐτηρήθην; pf. τετήρημαι (Pind., Thu.+)
    ① to retain in custody, keep watch over, guard τινά, τὶ someone, someth. a prisoner (Thu. 4, 30, 4) Mt 27:36, 54; Ac 16:23; a building (s. PPetr II, 37, 1, 19 [III B.C.] τηρεῖν τὸ χῶμα; PFlor 388, 32; 1 Macc 4:61; 6:50) Hs 9, 6, 2; 9, 7, 3. Pass. (Jos., Ant. 14, 366) Πέτρος ἐτηρεῖτο ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ Ac 12:5. Cp. 24:23; 25:4, 21b. τηρεῖν τὴν φυλακὴν guard the jail 12:6. ὅπου οἰ κεκλεισμένοι τηροῦνται AcPl Ha 3, 20. Abs. (keep) watch (PSI 165, 4; 168, 9; 1 Esdr 4:11; 2 Esdr 8:29) MPol 17:2. οἱ τηροῦντες the guards (SSol 3:3) Mt 28:4.
    ② to cause a state, condition, or activity to continue, keep, hold, reserve, preserve someone or someth. (Aristoph., Pax 201; τὴν ἁρμονίαν τ. τοῦ πατρός Iren. 2, 33, 5 [Harv. I 380, 13])
    ⓐ for a definite purpose or a suitable time (Jos., Ant. 1, 97) τετήρηκας τὸν καλὸν οἶνον ἕως ἄρτι J 2:10 (POxy 1757, 23 τήρησόν μοι αὐτά, ἕως ἀναβῶ). Cp. 12:7 (WKühne, StKr 98/99, 1926, 476f; s. CBarrett, The Gospel According to St. John ’60, 346 on the problem of interp.). τηρηθῆναι αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ διάγνωσιν Ac 25:21a. κληρονομίαν τετηρημένην ἐν οὐρανοῖς εἰς ὑμᾶς (εἰς 4g) 1 Pt 1:4.—2 Pt 2:4 (cp. TestReub 5:5 εἰς κόλασιν αἰώνιον τετήρηται), 9, 17; 3:7 (cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 97 τηρεῖσθαι κατακλυσμῷ); Jd 6b, 13; MPol 2:3; 11:2; 15:1.
    ⓑ keep, etc., unharmed or undisturbed (Polyb. 6, 56, 13 one’s word; Herodian 7, 9, 3) ὁ δὲ ἀγαπῶν με τηρηθήσεται ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός μου J 14:21 P75. τὴν σφραγῖδα 2 Cl 7:6. τὴν ἐκκλησίαν 14:3a (opp. φθείρειν). τὴν σάρκα 14:3b. τηρεῖ ἑαυτόν 1J 5:18 v.l. τηρεῖν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον keep his virgin inviolate as such 1 Cor 7:37 (Heraclit. Sto. 19 p. 30, 3; Achilles Tat. 8, 18, 2 παρθένον τὴν κόρην τετήρηκα. SBelkin, JBL 54, ’35, 52 takes τηρ. here to mean support one’s fiancıe, without having marital relations.—On this subj. s. the lit. s.v. γαμίζω 1).—W. a second acc. (of the predicate, to denote the condition that is to remain unharmed; cp. M. Ant. 6, 30 τήρησαι σεαυτὸν ἁπλοῦν; BGU 1141, 25 [13 B.C.] ἄμεμπτον ἐμαυτὸν ἐτήρησα; Wsd 10:5; Just., D. 88, 5 ἀτιμωρήτους αὐτοὺς τηρῆσαι) τὴν ἐντολὴν ἄσπιλον 1 Ti 6:14. τὸ βάπτισμα ἁγνόν 2 Cl 6:9. τὴν σφραγῖδα ὑγιῆ Hs 8, 6, 3. τὴν σάρκα ἁγνήν 2 Cl 8:4, 6. τὴν σάρκα ὡς ναὸν θεοῦ IPhld 7:2. σεαυτὸν ἁγνόν 1 Ti 5:22.—2 Cor 11:9; Js 1:27. Pass. ὁλόκληρον ὑμῶν τὸ πνεῦμα τηρηθείη 1 Th 5:23. τηρεῖν τινα ἔν τινι keep someone (unharmed) by or through someth. J 17:11f. ἑαυτοὺς ἐν ἀγάπῃ θεοῦ τηρήσατε keep yourselves from harm by making it possible for God to show his love for you in the future also Jd 21. τοῖς Χριστῷ τετηρημένοις κλητοῖς to those who have been called and who have been kept unharmed for Christ, or, in case the ἐν before θεῷ is to be repeated, through Christ Jd 1.
    ⓒ of holding on to someth. so as not to give it up or lose it (Diod S 17, 43, 9 τὰ ὅπλα, the shields; τὴν ἀρετήν Did., Gen. 87, 4. Cp. τ. τὰ μυστήρια … καὶ ἐξειπεῖν μηδενί Hippol., Ref. 5, 27, 2) τὴν ἁγνείαν Hm 4, 4, 3. τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ πνεύματος Eph 4:3. τὴν πίστιν 2 Ti 4:7 (cp. Diod S 19, 42, 5 τηρεῖν τὴν πίστιν; IBM III, 587b, 5 ὅτι τὴν πίστιν ἐτήρησα; Jos., Bell. 2, 121, Ant. 15, 134). τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ Rv 16:15 (or else he will have to go naked). αὐτόν (=τὸν θεόν) 1J 5:18. W. a neg.: fail to hold fast = lose through carelessness or give up through frivolity or a deficient understanding of the value of what one has τὶ someth. τὸ μικρόν 2 Cl 8:5 (a dominical saying whose literary source is unknown). τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀρχήν (s. ἀρχή 7) Jd 6a.
    ⓓ of being protective (Pind. et al.; En 100:5) keep τινὰ ἔκ τινος someone from someone or someth. J 17:15; Rv 3:10b (cp. Pr 7:5 τηρεῖν τινα ἀπό τινος).
    ③ to persist in obedience, keep, observe, fulfill, pay attention to, esp. of law and teaching (LXX) τὶ someth. (Polyb. 1, 83, 5 legal customs; Herodian 6, 6, 1; Just., A I, 49, 3 τὰ παλαιὰ ἔθη) Mt 23:3; Ac 21:25 v.l.; Hs 5, 3, 9. τὸν νόμον (Achilles Tat. 8, 13, 4; Tob 14:9; TestDan 5:1.—τ. νόμους Jos., C. Ap. 2, 273; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 10, 11; Theoph. Ant. 2, 16 [p. 140, 15]) 15:5; Js 2:10; Hs 8, 3, 3–5. τὰ νόμιμα τοῦ θεοῦ Hv 1, 3, 4 (τηρ. τὰ νόμιμα as Jos., Ant. 8, 395; 9, 222). δικαιώματα κυρίου B 10:11. τὰ πρὸς τὸν κύριον AcPl Ha 8, 11; 13. πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν Mt 28:20. τὰς ἐντολάς (CB I/2, 566f, nos. 467–69, side A of an altar [313/14 A.D.] τηρῶν ἐντολὰς ἀθανάτων, i.e. θεῶν; Sir 29:1; Jos., Ant. 8, 120; Just., D. 10, 3; Iren. 1, 10, 1 [Harv. I 91, 14]) 19:17; J 14:15, 21; 15:10ab; 1J 2:3f; 3:22, 24; 5:3; Rv 12:17; 14:12; Hm 7:5; 12, 3, 4; 12, 6, 3; Hs 5, 1, 5; 5, 3, 2; 6, 1, 4; 8, 7, 6; 10, 3, 4 (Oxy 404, 17 restoration on basis of Lat. and Ethiopic versions); cp. 5, 3, 3. Pass. 5, 3, 5a. τὸ σάββατον observe the Sabbath J 9:16. τὴν νηστείαν keep the fast Hs 5, 3, 5b v.l.; cp. 5, 3, 9. τὴν παράδοσιν (Jos., Vi. 361b) Mk 7:9 v.l. τὸν λόγον J 8:51f, 55; 14:23; 15:20ab; 17:6; 1J 2:5; Rv 3:8. τὸν λόγον τῆς ὑπομονῆς μου vs. 10a. τοὺς λόγους (1 Km 15:11) J 14:24. ἃ παρελάβαμεν AcPlCor 1:5. τοὺς λόγους τῆς προφητείας Rv 22:7, τοῦ βιβλίου τούτου vs. 9. τὰ ἐν τῇ προφητείᾳ γεγραμμένα 1:3. ὁ τηρῶν τὰ ἔργα μου the one who takes my deeds to heart Rv 2:26. Abs., but w. the obj. easily supplied fr. the context τήρει pay attention to it 3:3 (cp. Philo, Leg. All. 3, 184).—DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > τηρέω

  • 17 ἀπόλλυμι

    + V 60-17-108-97-96=378 Gn 18,24.28(bis).29.30
    A: to destroy utterly, to kill [τινα] Gn 18,24; to destroy [τι] Gn 18,28; to lose, to destroy (counsel) Dt 32,28 M: to perish, to die Ex 30,38; to perish (metaph.) Ps 1,6; to be destroyed Ex 10,7; to fail Ps 141(142), 5; to be lost 1 Sm 9,3
    he saves; *Is 46,12 οἱ ἀπολωλεκότες τὴν καρδίαν the ones who lost their heart, the senseless ones-לב אבדי for MT לב עבירי the stubborn of heart; *Ez 26,2 ἀπόλωλε is lost-דלות? ⋄דלל for MT דלות ⋄דלת the gates; *Prv 11,23 ἀπολεῖται passes away-ָרה ָב ֲע
    for MT ָרה ְב ֶע
    see ἀπόλλω
    anger; *Est 9,2 ἀπώλοντο they perished-ברושׁ? for MT ברושׂ they hoped
    Cf. DRIVER, G.R. 1940 174(Prv 11,23); WALTERS 1973 62.130.289; →NIDNTT; TWNT

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ἀπόλλυμι

  • 18 ὅλος

    ὅλος, η, ον, [dialect] Ion. [full] οὖλος, η, ον, as in Hom. (twice, v. infr.), Xenoph. (v. infr.), Parm.8.4, Hp.Acut.14, Carn.13, al. (but ὅλος in Hdt.2.126, 4.64,7.167, 8.113 (cf.
    A

    ἡμι-ολίας 5.88

    ), Hp.Epid.1.7, Herod.3.18,5.12, 6.7 (but

    οὖλος 8.56

    ) ; ὅλως dub. in Thgn.73 codd.):—whole, entire, complete in all its parts, of persons and things, ἄρτος οὖλος a whole loaf, Od.17.343 ; μηνὶ δ' ἄρ' οὔλῳ in a whole month, 24.118 ; οὖλος ὁρᾷ, οὖλος δὲ νοεῖ, οὖλος δέ τ' ἀκούει (sc. ὁ θεός) Xenoph.24 ; ὅλος ἑσπέρας ὀφθαλμός, i.e. the full moon, Pi.O.3.19 ; ὁ ὅ. χρόνος ib.2.30 ;

    τρεῖς ὅλους.. ἑκμήνους χρόνους S.OT 1136

     ; ἐπ' ὤμοις ὅλην πόλιν φέρων a whole city, E.Ph. 1131 ;

    ἐκπιεῖν ὅλον πίθον Id.Cyc. 217

     ;

    ὅλους ἐκ κριβάνου βοῦς Ar.Ach.85

     ;

    λαβράκιον ὀπτᾶν ὅ. Antiph.222.3

    , etc. ; πόλεις ὅλαι whole, entire cities, Pl.Grg. 512b ; ὅλη ἡ πόλις, the city as a whole, Id.R. 519e ; ὅλους ποιητὰς ἐκμανθάνειν learn whole poets by heart, Id.Lg. 811a : it may either precede the Art. or follow the Subst., τῆς ἡμέρας ὅλης in the course of the whole day, X.An.3.3.11 ; δι' ὅλης τῆς νυκτός ib.4.2.4 ; ὅλην τὴν νύκτα or τὴν νύκτα ὅλην, Id.Cyr. 7.5.15, Men.67.2, Pl.Smp. 219c ;

    ὅ. τὸ δέρμα Men.498

     ;

    ἡ πόλις ὅ. Id.882

    , etc.: less freq. between Art. and Subst.,

    τὸν ὅ. ἀμφὶ χρόνον Pi. O.2.30

     ;

    ἡ ὅ. ἀδικία Pl.R. 344c

     ;

    τὸ ὅ. πρόσωπον Id.Prt. 329e

     ;

    τῇ ὅ. φάλαγγι X.An.4.8.11

     : joined with

    εἷς, ἡμέρας.. οὐχ ὅλης μιᾶς S.Ph. 480

     ;

    εἶδος ἓν ὅλον Pl.Ti. 56e

     ; with

    πᾶς, ὅλην καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκίαν Id.Lg. 808a

    , cf. R. 486a ;

    πρὸς τῷ διακινδυνεύειν ὅ. καὶ πᾶς ἦν Plb.3.94.10

     (so without

    πᾶς, οὕτως ἔκφρων ἦν καὶ ὅλος πρὸς τῷ λήμματι καὶ τῷ δωροδοκήματι, ὥστε.. D.19.127

    ) ;

    τὸ ὅ. αὐτοῖς ἦν καὶ τὸ πᾶν Ἀπελλῆς Plb.5.26.5

    .
    2 whole, i. e. safe and sound,

    ὑγιὴς καὶ ὅ. Lys.6.12

    , cf. Pl. Men. 77a.
    3 entire, utter, ὅ. ἁμάρτημα an utter blunder, X.HG5.3.7 ; πλάσμα ὅ. ἐστὶν ἡ διαθήκη utter fiction, D.45.29.
    4 neut. as Adv., ὅλον or τὸ ὅ. wholly, entirely,

    διαφέρει ὅ. τε καὶ πᾶν Pl.Alc.1.109b

     ;

    διαφέρει ὅ. καὶ τὸ πᾶν Id.Lg. 944c

     ;

    ὅλῳ καὶ παντί Id.Phd. 79e

     ;

    τῷ ὅ. καὶ παντὶ διοίσει Id.R. 527c

     ;

    τῷ παντὶ καὶ ὅ. Id.Lg. 734e

     ;

    εἰς τὸ ὅ. Id.Plt. 302b

     : with a Prep., κατὰ ὅλον on the whole, generally, opp. ἀπολαβὼν μέρος τι, Id.R. 392d ; so

    κατὰ ὅλου Id.Men. 77a

     ; δι' ὅλου, καθ' ὅλου (v. διόλου, καθόλου) ;

    αἱ κράσεις δι' ὅλων Plu.2.1078c

    , cf. 1078d: in this signf. also without a Prep.,

    τὸ μὲν ὅ.

     generally speaking,

    Pl.Phdr. 261a

    , D.44.11 ; τὸ δ' ὅ. and in general, in short, PTeb.33.16 (ii B. C.) ; οὐδὲ Φιλόξενον ὅλ' ἐξ ὅλων εὗρον I have entirely failed to find P., POxy. 936.20 (iii A. D.).
    5 = πᾶς, all,

    ὅλων στρατηγός S.Aj. 1105

    , cf. Men. Pk. 225, Nonn.D.47.482, AP5.216 (Paul. Sil.), 7.679 ([place name] Sophronius) ; ὅλη πόλις every city, LXX 1 Ki.14.23 ; πρὸ τῶν ὅ. τὸ προσκύνημά σου ποιῶ before all things, PTeb.418.4 (iii A. D.) ;

    ἀσπάζομαι.. πάντας τοὺς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ὅ. κατ' ὄνομα PLond.2.404.15

     (iv A. D.), cf. PIand. 13.20 (iv A. D.).
    II as Subst.,

    τὸ ὅ.

     the universe,

    Pl.Grg. 508a

    , Ly. 214b, etc. ; differing from τὸ πᾶν, as implying a definite order, Arist.Metaph. 1024a3, cf. Pl.Tht. 204a sq. (but as not including void, Placit.2.1.7) ; also

    ἡ τῶν ὅ. τάξις X.Cyr.8.7.22

    .
    2 τὰ ὅ. one's all,

    τὰ ὅ. πεπρακέναι D.18.28

     ; τοῖς ὅ. ἡττᾶσθαι lose one's all, be utterly ruined, Id.9.64 ; in full,

    τοῖς ὅ. πράγμασιν ἐσφαλμένος Plb. 18.33.1

    , etc. ; τοῖς ὅ., = ὅλως, altogether, Philipp. ap. D.18.39 : with neg., not at all, Phld.Rh.2.135S., Aristid.2.274,304J. ; τοῖς ὅ. ἠφάνισαν utterly destroyed it, PRyl.152.14 (i A. D.), cf. Aristid.2.262J. ; κινδυνεύει τῷ ὅ. ἐξαρθῆναι there is a risk of its being entirely carried away, PRyl.133.19 (i A. D.).
    III Adv. ὅλως ([dialect] Dor. [full] οὔλως Pempel. ap.Stob.4.25.52) wholly, altogether,

    ὅ. σοφόν Pl.R. 568a

     ;

    ἀλγοῦνθ' ὅ. Id.Phlb. 36a

     ; ὅ. ψεύδεται he speaks utter falsehood, Isoc.15.31, etc.
    2 on the whole, speaking generally, in short,

    ὅ. δ' οὐδεὶς ἔστιν ὅντιν' οὐ πεφενάκικ' ἐκεῖνος D.2.7

    , cf. 14,al. ;

    διψῆν καὶ πεινῆν καὶ ὅ. τὰς ἐπιθυμίας Pl.R. 437b

    , cf. Cra. 406a ; τί οὖν κωλύει πάντα ἀφῃρῆσθαι καὶ ὅ. τὴν πολιτείαν ; D.20.3 ;

    ὅ. εἰπεῖν Arist.Ph. 202b19

    , etc.
    3 freq. with a neg. (first in Thgn.73, s. v. l.), οὐχ ὅ. or ὅ. οὐ not at all,

    ὅ. μὴ διαλέγεσθαι X.Mem.1.2.35

     ;

    ὅ. οὔτ' ἀφελὼν οὔτε προσθείς D.3.35

     ;

    οὔτ' ἐλεῶν οὔθ' ὅ. ἄνθρωπον ἡγούμενος Id.21.101

    , cf. 46 ;

    οὐδὲ εἷς ὅ. Men.65.9

     ;

    μὴ ὄντος ὅ. τοῦ Σωκράτους Arist.Cat. 13b19

     ;

    μηδὲ ὅ. εἶναι τοὺς θεούς Luc.Tim.10

    .
    4 actually, really,

    καλῶς ποιήσεις ἐλθοῦσα.. πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἵνα ὅ. ἴδωμέν σε POxy.1676.31

     (iii A. D.) ; so perh. in 1 Ep.Cor.5.1. (ὅλ ([etym.] ϝ) ος from I.-E. *sólwos, cf. Skt. sárvas 'whole', and perh. Lat. salus, salvus.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὅλος

  • 19 γίνομαι

    γίνομαι (in the form γίγνομαι [s. below] Hom.+; as γίν. since Aristot.+; and s. Kühner-Bl. II p. 391; Schwyzer I 215; KBrugmann4-AThumb, Griech. Gramm. 1913, 126; Mayser p. 165 and lit. there). Impf. ἐγινόμην; fut. γενήσομαι; 2 aor. ἐγενόμην, 3 sg. opt. γένοιτο; very rare v.l. (B-D-F §81, 3) γενάμενος (GJs 6:1; 16;1; 25:1 [s. deStrycker 249]; also found in Ps.-Callisth. 1, 20, 1; 1, 41, 11; ApcEsdr 1:3 p. 24, 7 Tdf.; Mel., P. 49, 346 [Bodm.]). Pass.: fut. ptc. τῶν γενηθησομένων (Eccl 1:11 v.l.); 1 aor. ἐγενήθην (Doric, H. Gk.; Phryn. 108 Lob.; pap fr. III B.C., Mayser I/22 ’38, 157f [w. lit.]; ins [Schweizer 181; Nachmanson 168; Thieme 13]; LXX), impv. γενηθήτω; pf. γεγένημαι (Meisterhans3-Schw.: Att. ins since 376 B.C.; Mayser 391) uncontested use in NT only J 2:9; GJs 24:3 (γεγένν-pap); apolog. On pf. γέγονα s. Meisterhans3-Schw.: since 464 B.C.; Mayser 372; on the aoristic use of γέγονα s. Mlt. 145f; 238; 239; PChantraine, Histoire du parfait grec 1927, 233–45; 3 pl. γέγοναν Ro 16:7 (v.l. γεγόνασιν) and Rv 21:6; s. KBuresch, Γέγοναν: RhM 46, 1891, 193ff; Mlt. 52 n.; ptc. γεγονώς; plpf. 3 sg. ἐγεγόνει (1 Macc. 4:27; 2 Macc. 13:17; J 6:17; Just.), without augment γεγόνει (Ac 4:22; v.l. ἐγεγόνει), s. B-D-F §78; Mlt-H. 190. On the variation γίνομαι and γίγνομαι s. W-S. §5, 31; B-D-F §34, 4; Mlt-H. 108. A verb with numerous nuances relating to being and manner of being. Its contrast to the more static term εἰμί can be seen in Kaibel 595, 5 οὐκ ἤμην καὶ ἐγενόμην=I was not and then I came to be (cp. Ath. 4, 2 in 3 below).
    ① to come into being through process of birth or natural production, be born, be produced (SIG 1168, 6; Epict. 2, 17, 8; Wsd 7:3; Sir 44:9; Just., A I, 13, 3; Tat. 26, 2) J 8:58; w. ἔκ τινος foll. (Diod S 3, 64, 1; Appian, Basil. 5 §1; Parthenius 1, 4; Athen. 13, 37 p. 576c ἐξ ἑταίρας; PPetr III, 2, 20; PFlor 382, 38 ὁ ἐξ ἐμοῦ γενόμενος υἱός; 1 Esdr 4:16; Tob 8:6; Jos., Ant. 2, 216) Ro 1:3; Gal 4:4 (cp. 1QS 11:21). Also of plants 1 Cor 15:37. Of fruits ἔκ τινος be produced by a tree Mt 21:19 (cp. X., Mem. 3, 6, 13 ὁ ἐκ τ. χώρας γιγνόμενος σῖτος). W. ἀπό τινος foll. Ox 1081 (SJCh), 11 γε̣[ινόμε]νον, 14 γέγ[ονος], 14f γε[ι]νομεν[ον], 19 γέγονος.
    ② to come into existence, be made, be created, be manufactured, be performed
    ⓐ gener. ὸ̔ γέγονεν J 1:3c (s. ref. to Vawter, below); w. διά τινος vs. 3a (MTeschendorf, D. Schöpfungsged. im NT: StKr 104, ’32, 337–72). W. χωρίς τινος vs. 3b (IAndrosIsis, Cyrene 15 [103 A.D.] Ἐμοῦ δὲ χωρὶς γείνετʼ οὐδὲν πώποτε; Cleanthes, Hymn to Zeus 15 [Stoic. I 537=Coll. Alex. no. 1 p. 227] οὐδέ τι γίγνεται ἔργον σοῦ δίχα; note the related style 1QH 1:20; on the syntax of J 1:3f see BVawter, CBQ 25, ’63, 401–6, who favors a full stop after οὐδὲ ἕν, s. εἷς 2b and lit. cited there on J 1:3). W. ἔκ τινος Hb 11:3. Of cult images διὰ χειρῶν γινόμενοι made w. hands Ac 19:26 (cp. PRyl 231, 3 [40 A.D.] τοὺς ἄρτους γενέσθαι). Of miracles: be done, take place (Tob 11:15; Wsd 19:13 v.l. Swete) Mt 11:20f, 23; Lk 10:13; Ac 8:13. ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν γεγόνει τὸ σημεῖον τοῦτο on whom this miracle had been performed 4:22. W. mention of the author διά τινος (cp. 4 Macc 17:11) 2:43; 4:16, 30; 12:9; 24:2. διὰ τῶν χειρῶν τινος Mk 6:2; Ac 14:3. ὑπό τινος (Herodian 8, 4, 2; OGI 168, 46 [115 B.C.] τὰ γεγονότα ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς φιλάνθρωπα; UPZ III, 3, 7 [116 B.C.]; PTebt 786, 14 [II B.C.]; Wsd 9:2; Jos., Ant. 8, 111; 347; Just., D. 35, 8 τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ [Jesus] καὶ νῦν γινομένων δυνάμεων) Lk 9:7 v.l.; 13:17; 23:8; Eph 5:12. Of commands, instructions be fulfilled, performed γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου thy will be done (Appian, Liby. 90 §423 τὸ πρόσταγμα δεῖ γενέσθαι; Syntipas p. 25, 3 γενέσθω τὸ αἴτημα) Mt 6:10; 26:42; Lk 11:2; cp. 22:42. γέγονεν ὸ̔ ἐπέταξας your order has been carried out 14:22. γενέσθαι τὸ αἴτημα αὐτῶν that their demand should be granted 23:24. Of institutions: be established, the Sabbath for the sake of humans Mk 2:27 (Crates, Ep. 24 οὐ γεγόνασιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι τ. ἵππων χάριν, ἀλλʼ οἱ ἵπποι τ. ἀνθρώπων).
    ⓑ w. mention of the special nature of an undertaking: ἵνα οὕτως γένηται ἐν ἐμοί in order to have such action taken in my case 1 Cor 9:15. ἐν τῷ ξηρῷ τί γένηται; what will be done when it (the wood) is dry? Lk 23:31.
    ③ come into being as an event or phenomenon from a point of origin, arise, come about, develop (Alcaeus 23 Diehl2 [320 L-P.] καί κʼ οὐδὲν ἐκ δένος γένοιτο=nothing could originate from nothing; Ath. 4:2 τὸ ὸ̓ν οὐ γίνεται ἀλλὰ τὸ μὴ ὸ̓ν)
    ⓐ of events or phenomena in nature (Sir 40:10; Ex 10:22; Job 40:23; Jos., Ant. 9, 36): lightning, thunder (X., An. 3, 1, 11) J 12:29; Rv 8:5; 11:19; calm (on the sea) Mt 8:26; Mk 4:39; Lk 8:24; storm Mk 4:37; a cloud (cp. Jos., Ant. 9, 36) 9:7; Lk 9:34; Hv 4, 3, 7; flood Lk 6:48; earthquake (Parian Marbles [III B.C.]=FGrH: 239B, 24) Mt 8:24; 28:2; Ac 16:26; Rv 6:12; 11:13; 16:18; darkness Mt 27:45; Mk 15:33; Lk 23:44; J 6:17; hail, fire Rv 8:7. Of a dawning day ὅτε δὲ ἡμέρα ἐγένετο (cp. περὶ ἀρχομένην ἡμέραν ‘about dawn’ Jos., Vi 15: in a related story of shipwreck) Ac 27:39.
    ⓑ of other occurrences (Arrian, Anab. 4, 4, 3 τὰ ἱερὰ οὐκ ἐγίγνετο=the sacrifice did not turn out [favorably]; 1 Macc 1:25; 4:58; 9:27; 13:44; Jdth 7:29; 14:19 al.): complaining Ac 6:1; persecution, oppression Mt 13:21; 24:21; Mk 4:17; 13:19; Ac 11:19; discussion J 3:25; Ac 15:7; tumult Mt 26:5; 27:24; GJs 21:1 and 25:1; a sound Ac 2:2, 6; weeping 20:37; clamor 23:9; Mt 25:6; AcPl Ha 4, 6; famine Lk 4:25; 15:14; Ac 11:28; ὁρμή (q.v.) 14:5; war Rv 12:7; sharp contention Ac 15:39; tear (in a garment) Mt 9:16; Mk 2:21; Lk 6:49; silence (s. σιγή) Ac 21:40; Rv 8:1; στάσις (q.v. 2) Lk 23:19; Ac 15:2; 23:7, 10; concourse 21:30; confusion 19:23; shout, loud voice 2:6; 19:34; Rv 11:15; dispute Lk 22:24; envy, strife 1 Ti 6:4; astonishment AcPl Ha 4, 25; joy 6, 3; prayer 6, 7; offering 6, 37.
    ⓒ of the various divisions of a day (Jdth 13:1; 1 Macc 5:30; 4 Macc 3:8 al.) γενομένης ἡμέρας when day came (Jos., Ant. 10, 202, Vi. 405) Lk 4:42; Ac 12:18; 16:35; 23:12; cp. Lk 6:13; 22:66; Ac 27:29, 33, 39. Difft. Mk 6:21 γενομένης ἡμέρας εὐκαίρου when a convenient/opportune day arrived. ὀψέ (cp. Gen 29:25; 1 Km 25:37) 11:19. ὀψίας γενομένης Mt 8:16; 14:15, 23; 16:2; 26:20; 27:57; Mk 1:32; 6:47; 14:17; 15:42; cp. J 6:16. πρωί̈ας Mt 27:1; J 21:4. νύξ Ac 27:27. ὥρας πολλῆς γενομένης when it had grown late Mk 6:35; cp. 15:33; Lk 22:14; Ac 26:4.
    ④ to occur as process or result, happen, turn out, take place (Dicaearch., Fgm. 102 W.: a campaign ‘takes place’; Diod S 32 Fgm. 9c τὰς εἰς τ. πατέρα γεγενημένας ἁμαρτίας=the misdeeds ‘perpetrated’ against his father; 2 Macc 1:32; 13:17; 3 Macc 1:11; 4:12; 5:17 al.)
    ⓐ gener. τοῦτο ὅλον γέγονεν all this took place w. ἵνα foll. Mt 1:22; 26:56. ἕως ἂν πάντα γένηται until all has taken place (=is past) 5:18. πάντα τὰ γενόμενα everything that had happened (cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 121 §508 τὰ γενόμενα; 1 Esdr 1:10; Jdth 15:1; 1 Macc 4:20; 2 Macc 10:21; 3 Macc 1:17) 18:31; cp. 21:21; 24:6, 20, 34; 26:54; 27:54; 28:11; Mk 5:14. ἴδωμεν τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο τὸ γεγονός let us see this thing that has taken place Lk 2:15 (TestAbr A 15 p. 96, 15 [Stone p. 40]) θανάτου γενομένου since a death has occurred, i.e. since he has died Hb 9:15. τούτου γενομένου after this had happened (Jos., Ant. 9, 56; 129) Ac 28:9. τὸ γεγονός what had happened (Diod S 12, 49, 4; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 18 §496; Jos., Ant. 14, 292) Lk 8:34; 24:12. τὰ γεγονότα AcPl Ha 11, 1.—μὴ γένοιτο strong negation, in Paul only after rhet. questions (cp. TestJob 38:1; JosAs 25:8; Epict., index p. 540e; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 1, 2, Dial. Meretr. 13, 4; Achilles Tat. 5, 18, 4; Aristaen., Ep. 1, 27) by no means, far from it, God forbid (Goodsp., Probs., 88; AMalherbe, HTR 73, ’80, 231–41) Lk 20:16; Ro 3:4, 6, 31; 6:2, 15; 7:7, 13; 9:14; 11:1, 11; 1 Cor 6:15; Gal 2:17; 3:21. In more extensive phrasing (the LXX has exx. only of this usage: Gen 44:17; 3 Km 20:3 al.; cp. Josh 22:29; Demosth. 10, 27; Alciphron 2, 5, 3 al.; Ael. Aristid. 23, 80 K.=42 p. 795 D.; 30 p. 578 D.; 54 p. 679 ὸ̔ μὴ γένοιτο) Gal 6:14; w. ἵνα foll. AcPl Ha 7, 40. τί γέγονεν ὅτι (cp. Eccl 7:10) why is it that J 14:22.—Of festivals: be held, take place, come (X., Hell. 7, 4, 28 τὰ Ὀλύμπια; 4, 5, 1; 4 Km 23:22f; 2 Macc 6:7) feast of dedication J 10:22; passover Mt 26:2; sabbath Mk 6:2; wedding J 2:1.—Abs. impv. (put twice for emphasis as Lucian, Pisc. 1 βάλλε, βάλλε; Philostrat., Ep. 35, 1 λάβε λάβε; Procop. Soph., Ep. 45) γενηθήτω γενηθήτω so let it be as a closing formula 1 Cor 16:24 v.l. (cp. Herodas 4, 85, where the sacristan closes his prayer to Asclepius with the words: ὧδε ταῦτʼ εἴη=so may it be).—On γένοιτο ἀμήν GJs 6:2 s. ἀμήν 1a.
    ⓑ w. dat. of pers. affected
    α. w. inf. foll. (UPZ 24, 29 al.; 1 Macc 13:5; Jos., Ant. 6, 232) ὅπως μὴ γένηται αὐτῷ χρονοτριβῆσαι so that he would not have to lose time Ac 20:16.
    β. w. adv. or adv. phrase added (1 Esdr 6:33) κατὰ τὴν πίστιν ὑμῶν γενηθήτω ὑμῖν according to your faith let it be done to you, i.e. you believe, and you won’t be disappointed Mt 9:29; cp. 8:13. γένοιτό μοι κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμά σου may that happen to me as you have said Lk 1:38. πῶς ἐγένετο τῷ δαιμονιζομένῳ what had happened to the possessed man Mk 5:16. ἵνα εὖ σοι γένηται that it may be well w. you Eph 6:3 (Dt 5:16; cp. Epict. 2, 5, 29 εὖ σοι γένοιτο; Aelian, VH 9, 36). γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις let it be done for you as you desire, i.e. your wish is granted Mt 15:28.
    γ. w. nom. of thing (1 Macc 4:25; Sir 51:17; Ar. 15:5) γίνεταί τινί τι someth. happens to or befalls a person Mk 9:21. ἵνα μὴ χεῖρόν σοί τι γένηται lest someth. worse come upon you J 5:14. τί ἐγένετο αὐτῷ what has happened to him Ac 7:40 (Ex 32:1, 23; AcPl Ha 5, 20). τὸ γεγενημένον αὐτῷ Ac 3:10 D. ἐγίνετο πάσῃ ψυχῄ φόβος fear came upon everyone (cp. Tob 11:18) 2:43. λύπη AcPl Ha 6, 16. Freq. γέγονε ἐμοί τι someth. has come to me= I have someth.: πώρωσις τῷ Ἰσραὴλ γέγονεν a hardening (of heart) has befallen Israel Ro 11:25; σωτηρία τῷ Ἰσραὴλ γεγένηται GJs 19:2; cp. Lk 19:9; διὰ τὴν ὀπτασίαν τὴν γενομένην Παύλῳ AcPl Ha 3, 15; ἐὰν γένηταί τινι ἀνθρώπῳ ἑκατὸν πρόβατα if a man has a hundred sheep Mt 18:12. τοῖς ἔξω ἐν παραβολαῖς τὰ πάντα γίνεται those outside receive everything in parables Mk 4:11. μήποτε γένηται ἀνταπόδομά σοι that you may receive no repayment Lk 14:12; cp. 19:9; J 15:7; 1 Cor 4:5.
    ⓒ w. gen. of pers. (Diod S 16, 64, 2 τὸν τῆς Ἑλένης γεγενημένον ὅρμον=the necklace that had belonged to Helen): ἐγένετο ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ κόσμου τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν the kingdom of the world has come into the possession of our Lord Rv 11:15.
    ⓓ γίνεταί τι ἐπί τινι someth. happens in the case of or to a person Mk 5:33 v.l.; ἐν v.l. This can also be expressed w. εἴς τινα Ac 28:6 or the double nom. τί ἄρα ὁ Πέτρος ἐγένετο what had become of Peter 12:18 (cp. Jos., Vi. 296 οἱ εἴκοσι χρυσοῖ τὶ γεγόνασιν).
    ⓔ w. inf. foll., to emphasize the actual occurrence of the action denoted by the verb: ἐὰν γένηται εὑρεῖν αὐτό if it comes about that he finds it= if he actually finds it Mt 18:13 (s. PCatt V, 19f [=Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 372 V] ἐὰν γένηταί με ἀποδημεῖν; PAmh 135, 10; BGU 970, 5). ἐγένετο αὐτὸν παραπορεύεσθαι he happened to be passing Mk 2:23; cp. Lk 6:1, 6. ἐγένετο ἀνεῳχθῆναι τὸν οὐρανόν just then the heaven opened Lk 3:21; cp. 16:22 (ἐν τῷ ἀποθανεῖν P75); Ac 4:5; 9:3, 32, 37, 43; 11:26; 14:1; 16:16; 19:1; 21:1, 5; 22:6, 17; 27:44; 28:8 (UPZ 62, 29 [161 B.C.] γίνεται γὰρ ἐντραπῆναι).
    ⓕ καὶ ἐγένετο (ἐγένετο δέ) periphrastic like וַיְהִי with וַ foll. to indicate the progress of the narrative; it is followed either by a conjunction like ὅτε, ὡς etc., or a gen. abs., or a prepositional constr., and joined to it is a finite verb w. καί (Jdth 5:22; 10:1; Sus 19 Theod.; 1 Macc 1:1; 5:1; Gen 39:7, 13, 19; 42:35; JosAs 11:1; 22:1; AscIs 3:2) Mt 9:10; Mk 2:15 v.l.; Lk 2:15; 5:1, 12, 17; 8:1, 22; 14:1.—Without the second καί (Jdth 2:4; 12:10; 13:12; 1 Macc 6:8; 7:2 v.l.; 9:23; Sus 28 Theod.; Bel 18 Theod.; TestAbr B 1 p. 105, 1 [Stone p. 58] and 6 p. 109, 27 [Stone p. 66]; TestJob 31:1; JosAs 1:1; 3:1) Mt 7:28; 11:1; 13:53; 19:1; 26:1; Mk 1:9; 4:4; Lk 1:8, 23, 41, 59; 2:1, 6, 46; 6:12 al. At times it is followed by an inf. The phrase is usually omitted in translation; older versions transl. it came to pass.—Mlt. 16f; MJohannessohn, Das bibl. καὶ ἐγένετο u. s. Geschichte: ZVS 53, 1926, 161–212 (LXX); s. MDibelius, Gnomon 3, 1927, 446–50; HPernot, Études sur la langue des Évangiles 1927, 189–99; KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT, ’62, 29–62; JReiling, BT 16, ’65, 153–63; EDelebecque, Études grecques sur l’Évangile de Luc ’76, 123–65.
    ⑤ to experience a change in nature and so indicate entry into a new condition, become someth.
    ⓐ w. nouns (Lamellae Aur. Orphicae ed. AOlivieri 1915, p. 16, 5 θεὸς ἐγένου ἐξ ἀνθρώπου [IV/III]; Arrian, Anab. 5, 26, 5; Sir 51:2; 1 Esdr 4:26; Wsd 8:2; 4 Macc 16:6; En 103:11; Tat. 19, 2 τοῦ θανάτου καταφρονηταὶ γίνεσθε): ὅπως γένησθε υἱοὶ τοῦ πατρὸς ὑμῶν that you may become sons of your father Mt 5:45; ποιήσω ὑμᾶς γενέσθαι ἁλιεῖς ἀνθρώπων I will turn you into fishers of people Mk 1:17; a traitor Lk 6:16; friends 23:12 (cp. Jos., Ant. 11, 121); children of God J 1:12; children of light 12:36; a Christian Ac 26:29; apostle AcPlCor 2:4; a father Ro 4:18; a fool 1 Cor 3:18; a spectacle 4:9; a man, an adult 13:11 (Tob 1:9); a curse Gal 3:13. οὐχ ἑαυτὸν ἐδόξασεν γενηθῆναι ἀρχιερέα he did not exalt himself to be made high priest Hb 5:5; ἐγένετο ἀντὶ αὐτοῦ Σαμουήλ Samuel became (high priest) in his place GJs 10:2. W. double nom. (Ps.-Apollod., Epit. 3, 15 δράκων λίθος ἐγένετο; Quint. Smyrn. 12, 507; Bel 28; 4 Macc 18:7) οἱ λίθοι ἄρτοι γίνονται the stones turn into loaves Mt 4:3. τὸ αἵμα αὐτοῦ λίθον γεγενημένον GJs 24:3. ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο J 1:14 (the reverse PBerl 13044, col. III, 28ff [UWilcken, SBBerlAk 1923, 161f] τί ποιῶν ἄν τις γένοιτο θεός;). τὸ ὕδωρ γενήσεται πηγή 4:14. ἡ περιτομὴ ἀκροβυστία γέγονεν Ro 2:25. ἐγενόμην ἐγὼ διάκονος I became a courier Col 1:23 (cp. Herodian 2, 6, 8 ἀνὴρ ἔπαρχος γενόμενος).—Also γ. εἴς τι (Menand., Peric. 49f Kö. [169f S.] τὸ κακὸν εἰς ἀγαθὸν ῥέπει γινόμενον; 1 Km 4:9; Jdth 5:18; 1 Macc 2:11, 43; 3:58; En 19:2 al.; B-D-F §145, 1): ἐγένετο εἰς δένδρον it became a tree Lk 13:19; εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας Mt 21:42; Mk 12:10; Lk 20:17; Ac 4:11; 1 Pt 2:7 (all in ref. to Ps 117:22); εἰς χαρὰν γ. change (or, turn) into joy J 16:20. εἰς οὐδέν come to nothing Ac 5:36. εἰς παγίδα Ro 11:9 (Ps 68:23); εἰς κενὸν γ. be done in vain 1 Th 3:5. εἰς ἄψινθον Rv 8:11. Cp. AcPl Ha 6, 6. Also w. γίνεσθαι omitted: εἰς κατάκριμα (sc. ἐγένετο τὸ κρίμα) Ro 5:18.
    ⓑ used w. an adj. to paraphrase the passive (Jdth 11:11; 1 Esdr 7:3; 2 Macc 3:34; Sus 64 Theod.; En 103:9; Ath. 37, 1 πάντων ὑποχειρίων γιγνομένων): ἁπαλὸν γ. become tender Mt 24:32; Mk 13:28; ἀπειθῆ γ. Ac 26:19; ἀποσυνάγωγον γ. be expelled fr. the synagogue J 12:42; ἄφαντον γ. disappear Lk 24:31; σκωληκόβρωτον γ. be eaten by worms Ac 12:23; γνωστόν, φανερὸν γ. become known (Just., A I, 63, 6) Mk 6:14; Ac 1:19; 9:42; 19:17; 1 Cor 3:13; 14:25; Phil 1:13; δόκιμον γ. pass the test Js 1:12; ἑδραῖον γ. 1 Cor 15:58; ἔκδηλον γ. 2 Ti 3:9; AcPlCor 1:16; ἔξυπνον γ. Ac 16:27 (1 Esdr 3:3=Jos., Ant. 11:34); s. ἀπόπληκτος, ἐλεύθερος, ἐμφανής, ἔμφοβος, ἐνεργής, ἔντρομος, καθαρός, μέγας, περιδάκρυτος, περικρατής, πλήρης, πρηνής, τυφλός, ὑγιής, ὑπήκοος, ὑπόδικος, φανερός 1.
    ⓒ w. ἐν of a state of being (Stoic. III 221, 16; Diod S 20, 62, 4 ἐν ἀνέσει γ.; Plut., Tit. Flam. 378 [16, 1] ἐν ὀργῇ γ.; Lucian, Tim. 28; PPetr II, 20; III, 12 [252 B.C.] ἐν ἐπισχέσει γ.; BGU 5 II, 19 ἐν νόσῳ; POxy 471 IV, 77f; 4 Km 9:20; 1 Macc 1:27 v.l.; Sus 8 Theod.; Jos., Bell. 1, 320, Ant. 16, 372; Mel., P. 18 ἐν πόνοις … ἐν πληγαῖς etc.) ἐν ἀγωνίᾳ Lk 22:44. ἐν ἐκστάσει Ac 22:17. ἐν πνεύματι under the Spirit’s influence Rv 1:10; 4:2; AcPl Ha 6, 28. ἐν ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων be like human beings Phil 2:7. ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ, φόβῳ, τρόμῳ 1 Cor 2:3. ἐν δόξῃ 2 Cor 3:7. ἐν ἑαυτῷ γ. come to one’s senses (Soph., Phil. 950; X., An. 1, 5, 17; Polyb. 1, 49, 8; Chariton 3, 9, 11) Ac 12:11; γ. ἐν Χριστῷ be a Christian Ro 16:7. Cp. 7 below.
    ⑥ to make a change of location in space, move
    ⓐ εἴς τι (Hdt. 5, 87 al.; Philo, Op. M. 86; 2 Macc 1:13; also ἐν: Just., A II, 9, 3 ἐγενόμεθα ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ τόπω): εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα γ. (Jos., Ant. 10, 42) Ac 20:16; 21:17; 25:15. εἰς τὸν ἀγρόν Hv 3, 1, 4. Of a voice: ἐγένετο εἰς τὰ ὦτά μου reached my ear Lk 1:44. Fig. (cp. Bar 4:28) of Abraham’s blessing εἰς τὰ ἔθνη come to the Gentiles Gal 3:14; cp. 2 Cor 8:14 (s. περίσσευμα 1, ὑστέρημα 1).
    ⓑ ἔκ τινος (Job 28:2): γ. ἐκ μέσου be removed, Lat. e medio tolli (cp. Ps.-Aeschin., Ep. 12, 6 ἐκ μέσου γενομένων ἐκείνων; Plut., Timol. 238 [5, 3]; Achilles Tat. 2, 27, 2) 2 Th 2:7 (HFulford, ET 23, 1912, 40f: ‘leave the scene’). Of a voice fr. heaven: ἐκ τ. οὐρανῶν γ. sound forth fr. heaven (2 Macc 2:21; cp. Da 4:31 Theod.) Mk 1:11; Lk 3:22; 9:35; cp. vs. 36.
    ⓒ ἐπί τι: ἐπὶ τὸ μνημεῖον go to the tomb Lk 24:22; ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀναβαθμούς when he was at the steps Ac 21:35. Of fear that befalls someone (2 Macc 12:22) Lk 1:65; 4:36; Ac 5:5. Of ulcers: break out on someone Rv 16:2 (Ex 9:10f). Of divine commands: go out to someone Lk 3:2. ἐπί is somet. used w. the gen. (Appian, Liby. 93 §440; Alex. Aphr., Mixt. II 2 p. 213, 21) instead of the acc.: γενόμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ τόπου when he had arrived at the place 22:40 (Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 327, 18 ἐπὶ τ. τόπων γινόμενος).—J 6:21.
    ⓓ w. κατά and gen. of place: τὸ γενόμενον ῥῆμα καθʼ ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας the message that has spread throughout all Judea Ac 10:37. W. acc. of place (X., Cyr. 7, 1, 15; Apollon. Paradox. 3 κατὰ τόπους γ.; Jos., Ant. I, 174; cp. 2 Macc 9:8): γενόμενος κατὰ τὸν τόπον Lk 10:32; γενόμενοι κατὰ τὴν Κνίδον Ac 27:7.
    ⓔ w. πρός and acc. of the direction and goal (PLond III, 962, 1 p. 210 [III A.D.] γενοῦ πρὸς Ἄταϊν τὸν ποιμένα; PFlor 180, 45) 1 Cor 2:3; 2J 12. Of divine instructions be given to someone (Gen 15:1, 4; Jer 1:2, 11; 13:8; Ezk 6:1; Hos 1:1; cp. ἐπί w. acc.) J 10:35; Ac 7:31 v.l.; 10:13; 13:32.
    ⓕ w. σύν and the dat. join someone (X., Cyr. 5, 3, 8; 2 Macc 13:13) Lk 2:13.
    ⓖ w. ἐγγύς (X., An. 1, 8, 8, Cyr. 7, 1, 7; cp. γίν. πλησίον Philo, Mos. 1, 228; Jos., Ant. 4, 40): ἐγγὺς τοῦ πλοίου γίνεσθαι come close to the boat J 6:19. Fig. of the relation of believers to Christ: come near Eph 2:13.
    ⓗ w. ὧδε come here J 6:25;
    ⓘ ἔμπροσθέν τινος γ. J 1:15, 30 s. on ἔμπροσθεν 1bζ and ὀπίσω 2b.
    ⑦ to come into a certain state or possess certain characteristics, to be, prove to be, turn out to be (on relation to the forms of εἰμί [here and in 8–10] s. ALink, StKr 69, 1896, 420ff). Used w. the nom. (Wsd 16:3; Jdth 16:21; Sir 31:22; 1 Macc 3:58) γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι be prudent Mt 10:16. ἄκαρπος γίνεται 13:22; Mk 4:19.—W. other words: vs. 22; 9:50; Lk 1:2; 2:2; 6:36 and very oft. Freq. the dat. of advantage (dat. commodi) is added (1 Macc 10:47; 2 Macc 7:37; 4 Macc 6:28; 12:17): ἀγαπητόν τινι γ. be dear to someone 1 Th 2:8. ἀπρόσκοπον γ. τινι be inoffensive to someone 1 Cor 10:32; γ. τινι μαθητήν J 15:8; μισθαποδότην γ. τινι be a rewarder of someone Hb 11:6; γ. ὁδηγόν τινι Ac 1:16. Cp. παρηγορία, σημεῖον, τύπος.—γ. ὁμοθυμαδόν come together in unanimity or reach unanimity Ac 15:25.—τὶ γίνεταί τινί τι a thing results in someth. for someone τὸ ἀγαθὸν ἐμοὶ ἐγ. θάνατος; Ro 7:13. ἡ ἐξουσία πρόσκομμα τοῖς ἀσθενέσιν 1 Cor 8:9.—γίνομαι ὡς, ὥσπερ, ὡσεί τις (Ps 21:15; 31:9; 37:15; 82:11; 87:5 al.) be, become, show oneself like Mt 6:16; 10:25; 18:3; 28:4; Lk 22:26, 44; 1 Cor 4:13; 9:20f; Gal 4:12. καθὼς ἐγένετο … οὕτως ἔσται as it was … so it will be Lk 17:26, 28. οὐ χρὴ ταῦτα οὕτως γίνεσθαι this should not be so Js 3:10. ὁσίως καὶ δικαίως καὶ ἀμέμπτως ὑμῖν ἐγενήθημεν we proved/showed ourselves … toward you 1 Th 2:10.—In statements pert. to age (Aristoxenus, Fgm. 16 γεγονότα [sc. τὸν Πυθαγόραν] ἐτῶν τεσσαράκοντα; Demetr. of Phaleron [IV–III B.C.], Fgm. 153 Wehrli [’49]; Demetr: 722 Fgm. 1, 1 Jac.; Jos., Ant. 10, 50) ἐτῶν δώδεκα Lk 2:42; cp. 1 Ti 5:9.—Here prob. also belongs ἐγένετο γνώμης he decided Ac 20:3 (cp. Plut., Phoc. 752 [23, 4] ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γ.; Cass. Dio 61, 14 τ. ἐπιθυμίας γ.; Jos., Bell. 6, 287).
    ⑧ to be present at a given time, be there ([Ps.-]Jos., Ant. 18, 63) Mk 1:4; J 1:6, hence exist (Diod S 3, 52, 4 γέγονε γένη γυναικῶν=there have been nations of women; Appian, Maced. 18 §3 τὸ χρυσίον τὸ γιγνόμενον=the gold that was at hand; Bar 3:26; 2 Macc 10:24) Ro 11:5; 1J 2:18. ἐγένετο there lived Lk 1:5. ἔν τινι 2 Pt 2:1. ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς Rv 16:18 (Da 12:1 Theod.).
    ⑨ to be closely related to someone or someth., belong to
    ⓐ gen. of the possessor (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 79 §336 a slave γεγένητο Πομπηίου=had belonged to Pompey: B-D-F §162, 7) belong to someone Lk 20:14, 33 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 83 §350 γυνὴ Κράσσου γεγενημένη=who had been the wife of [the younger] Crassus).
    ⓑ w. dat. of pers. belong to someone (PPetr II, 40b, 7 [277 B.C.]; O. Wilck II, 1530, 2f [120 B.C.] τὸ γινόμενόν μοι=what belongs to me) of a woman ἀνδρὶ ἑτέρῳ Ro 7:3f (cp. Ruth 1:12f; Dt 24:2).
    ⓒ w. prep. μετά τινος (Josh 2:19) Ac 9:19; 20:18. οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ γενόμενοι his intimate friends Mk 16:10. πρός τινα be w. someone 1 Cor 16:10 ( make him [Timothy] feel quite at home with you Mft.) ὑπό τινα be under the authority of someone or someth. (1 Macc 10:38) Gal 4:4.
    ⓓ Here perh. belongs ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται it is not a matter of private interpretation 2 Pt 1:20.
    ⑩ to be in or at a place, be in, be there
    ⓐ ἔν τινι to designate one’s present or future place of residence (X., An. 4, 3, 29; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 4 §15 Ἀντώνιος ἐν Ἐφέσῳ γενόμενος; Aelian, VH 4, 15; Herodian 2, 2, 5; POxy 283, 11; 709, 6 ἐν Μένφει γενόμενος; PTebt 416, 3; BGU 731 II, 6 ἐν οἰκίᾳ μου; Num 11:35; Judg 17:4; 1 Ch 14:17; Jdth 5:7 al. Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 18 Jac.) Mt 26:6; Mk 9:33; Ac 7:38; 13:5; 2 Ti 1:17; Rv 1:9; AcPl Ha 7, 23.
    ⓑ w. adv.: ἐκεῖ (X., An. 6, 5, 20; 3 Km 8:8 v.l.; Jos., Ant. 10, 180) Ac 19:21. κατὰ μόνας Mk 4:10.—B. 637. DELG s.v. γίγνομαι. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > γίνομαι

  • 20 ταπεινόω

    ταπεινόω (ταπεινός) fut. ταπεινώσω; 1 aor. ἐταπείνωσα. Pass.: 1 fut. ταπεινωθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐταπεινώθην; pf. ptc. τεταπεινωμένος (Hippocr. et al.; LXX; En 106:1; EpArist 257; Philo, Joseph.) gener. ‘lower, make low’
    ① to cause to be at a lower point, lower (Diod S 1, 36, 8; Bar 5:7; En 1:6; PsSol 11:4) ὄρος, βουνόν level a mountain, hill Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4).
    ② to cause someone to lose prestige or status, humble, humiliate, abase, done esp. to slaves, fig. ext. of 1
    ⓐ w. focus on reversal of status ταπ. ἑαυτόν humble oneself of Christ, who went voluntarily to his death Phil 2:8 (s. on the whole pass. the lit. s.v. ἁρπαγμός and κενόω 1b; also KThieme, D. ταπεινοφροσύνη Phil 2 u. Ro 12: ZNW 8, 1907, 9–33). Of Paul, who did not hesitate to work w. his hands degrade 2 Cor 11:7. ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται (ταπ. … ὑψόω: Chilon in Diog. L. 1, 69) Mt 23:12b; cp. Lk 14:11b; 18:14b (s. also 2b below). Also the pass. (Hyperid. 6, 10; Jos., Ant. 18, 147) Mt 23:12a; Lk 14:11a; 18:14a (cp. X., An. 6, 3, 18 θεὸς τοὺς μεγαληγορήσαντας ταπεινῶσαι βούλεται).
    ⓑ w. focus on shaming, w. acc. of pers. or thing treated in this manner (Diod S 8, 25, 1; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 62, 29) μὴ ταπεινώσῃ με ὁ θεὸς πρὸς ὑμᾶς that God may not humiliate me before you 2 Cor 12:21. κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἐταπείνωσέν με σφόδρα the Lord God has profoundly shamed me GJs 2:3. τὶ ἐταπείνωσας τὴν ψυχήν σοὺ; Why have you so disgraced yourself? GJs 13:2; 15:3.
    ⓒ w. focus on punitive aspect (Diod S 13, 24, 6 Tyche [Fortune] ταπεινοῖ τοὺς ὑπερηφάνους; Cyranides p. 49, 12 ἐχθρούς) confound, overthrow τοὺς ὑψηλούς 1 Cl 59:3b; ὕβριν ὑπερηφάνων vs. 3a. Cp. B 4:4f (Da 7:24).—ταπεινόω can also refer to external losses, approx. = ‘hold down, harm’ (Petosiris, Fgm. 6 ln. 21 [act.] and 24 [pass.]).
    ③ to cause to be or become humble in attitude, humble, make humble in a favorable sense (Philod., περὶ κακιῶν col. 22, 3 = p. 38 Jensen ἑαυτόν; Celsus 3, 62 αὑτόν) ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὡς τὸ παιδίον τοῦτο Mt 18:4. So perh. also 23:12b; Lk 14:11b; 18:14b (s. 2a above). ταπεινοῦσθαι humble oneself, become humble (Menand., Fgm. 754, 6 Kö.=544, 6 Kock τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα; Sir 18:21; GrBar 7:5 ἐταπεινώθην φόβῳ μεγάλῳ) ταπεινώθητε ἐνώπιον κυρίου Js 4:10. ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖρα τοῦ θεοῦ bow down beneath the hand of God (cp. Gen 16:9) 1 Pt 5:6. καρδία τεταπεινωμένη a humbled heart 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ψυχὴ τεταπεινωμένη B 3:5 (Is 58:10.—Cp. Diod S 20, 53, 3 τῇ ψυχῇ ταπεινωθείς; 20, 77, 3 ἐταπεινώθη τὴν ψυχήν). Corresp. ὀστᾶ τεταπεινωμένα 1 Cl 18:8 (Ps 50:10).—KThieme, D. christl. Demut I (history of the word, and humility in Jesus) 1906; DFyffe, ET 35, 1924, 377–79. S. also πραΰτης, end.
    ④ to subject to strict discipline, constrain, mortify. In accordance w. OT usage, ταπεινοῦν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν (Lev 16:29, 31; 23:27; Ps 34:13; Is 58:3 al.) or ταπεινοῦσθαι (Sir 34:26; 2 Esdr 8:21; the prayers for vengeance fr. Rheneia [Dssm., LO 353f, LAE 413ff=SIG 1181, 11] θεὸς ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ταπεινοῦται; s. Dssm., LO 357f, LAE 419) means to mortify oneself GJs 2:2; B 3:1, 3 (Is 58:5); Hm 4, 2, 2 (s. ταπεινοφροσύνη). οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι (opp. περισσεύειν) of an austere regimen: I know how to do w. little (cp. ταπεινός Pla. Leg. 762e; s. also Plut., Mor. 7e) Phil 4:12.—WCvanUnnik, Zur Bedeutung von ταπεινοῦν τὴν ψυχήν bei den Apost. Vätern, ZNW 44, ’52f, 250–55. On the whole word: ESchweizer, Erniedrigung u. Erhöhung bei Jesus u. s. Nachfolgern ’55.—DELG s.v. ταπεινός. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ταπεινόω

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